Cataract

 














Cataract  
is a type of eye diseases characterized by the existence of such a cloud of white stains on the lens of the eye. Cataract is the clouding that occurs in all or part of the eye lens. In the normal eye lens contains a lot of water and sufficient oxygen supply, so that light can penetrate it easily. New cells in the lens of the eye will always be formed. Many factors led to the area in the lens becomes opaque, hard, rough and solid. Abnormal eye lens can not forward light into the eye's retina to be processed and sent back through the optic nerve to the brain.

#cause

Cataract patients suffered in many countries such as Indonesia has a tropical climate, even in Indonesia itself cataract patients have reached 2 million people and will continue to grow 240 000 inhabitants per year. Cataract is one of the eye disease that can cause permanent blindness. This is supported by the age factor, the radiation of ultraviolet rays, lack of nutrition and vitamins as well as the factors of health and illness.

According to data obtained by the eyes of cataract patients is most prevalent at the time a person enters old age, that more than 90% of those aged 65 years or older suffer from cataracts, and around 55% of those aged 75-85 years of age has decreased the ability of vision resulting from cataract symptoms .

#signs & symptoms

Many people with cataracts do not realize that he was experiencing symptoms of eye disease or even cataracts. Symptoms in cataract runs so slowly but surely someone will make the vision is blurred or even lost. The new person will know and realize, if the cataract has entered the final stage after 3-5 years later.At first cataract patients experienced some minor problems such as eye diseases such as itchy eyes, watery eyes often, if at night the eyes begin to weaken and could not see and can not withstand the glare of light or direct contact with the light, the eyes and head will immediately felt sick. Gradually, the eye will show a white spot on the center of the lens of the eye, though not completely cover the lens of the eye, or cataracts white stain will cover the lens of the eye when entering the declared end-stage cataracts or severe. Cataract patients will lose the ability of the vision.Symptoms or signs of common disorders of eye cataracts, including:1. Eye or vision vague or not clearly visible and is unable to see or read the object2. Sensitive to the light beam or beams3. If you see a light object or objects with one eye only, or a light object looks like a double / double.4. Required lighting is bright enough to be able to read and see5. The lens is perceived as opaque or as glass milkCataracts do not only occur in the elderly alone, cataracts can also develop in infants because the mother is infected during pregnancy.Other causes are:1. Heredity2. Congenital defects.3. Health problems such as diabetes were identified.4. Use of certain medications, especially steroids.5. Eyes unprotected sun exposure in a long time.6. Had done the previous eye surgery7. Have experienced trauma due to accidents on the surrounding parts of the eye

#type

Cataract is divided into several types:A. Senile cataract (aging).the cataracts that arise after age 40 years, the process is not known, presumably because of aging.2. Congenital cataracts.the cataracts that arise or occur in the womb after birth, usually caused by an infection, and metabolic abnormalities at the time of formation of the fetus. Congenital cataracts that often arise from infections during pregnancy, especially in the first 3 months of pregnancy.3. Traumatika cataracts.the cataract which can affect all ages, usually because of post-traumatic both sharp and blunt on the eyes, especially on the lens.

4. Complicated cataract, was that arise post-cataract eye infection.

#Cataract Treatment

Cataract surgery can be overcome by making the lens is cloudy. There are several surgical techniques are performed at the Hospital, namely: Surgery with wide slices with conventional sutures and a small incision without sutures lens is removed by means Phaceomulsifikasi (small incision surgery).Selection of surgical technique depends on the lens of violence. After the cataract lens is taken, the patient could only count fingers at a distance of 1 meter, unless the patient is replaced lens.Replacement of the lens there are two ways:• Patients after surgery were positive eyeglasses or contact lenses• People with a lens mounted at the same time plant operation, the benefits of patients after surgery the patient is immediately able to see clearly, do not need to wear very thick glasses, the patient remained wide field of view and beam distortion can be eliminated.



note: Medically to treat cataracts is with surgery by a layer of the eye lens is removed and replaced with new eyes (artificial / intraocular lens). But surgery does not guarantee 100% recovery. There is also a surgery using a laser beam. All manner of treatment by surgery or step all depends on the ability of the patient's own economy, because the cataract eye surgery costs a considerable and costly. Patients who have committed cataract eye surgery, must use eye protection glasses replaced with plastic sunglasses after the 2-3 finish of the operation, the glasses you wear when you go to sleep. The period of treatment for post-operative recovery of the eye requires a period of 1 to 1.5 months and the shortest is 1 week. But it all depends on condition and type of cataract operations performed, of course, all it takes discipline and patience during treatment if you want to get the desired result.